英语句子分析？(英语句子结构分析)
英语句子结构分析
句子的成分: 构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语。它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组,以及句子来担任。 句子是阅读理解和听力理解的最基本的单位。
主语:是一个句子中所要表达,描述的人或物，是句子的主体。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。
Two and two are/is four.二加二等于四。
Smoking is bad to health. =吸烟对身体有害。
The wounded has been taken to the hospital.伤员已经送到医院。
When to begin is not known yet.什么时间开始还不知道。
What I know is important.我所知道的很重要。
谓语:是用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态（系表结构）。谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。
We don't know him very well.我们不太了解他。
She speaks English fluently.她英语讲得很流利。
Betty stayed awake at night on purpose.
表语:是用来说明主语的性质, 身份, 特征和状态。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词, 形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语或者表语从句来担任。
I am all right.我没事。 It's over.时间到了。 She is ten.她十岁了。
My work is teaching English.我的工作是教英语。
The dictionary is in the bag.词典在书包里边。
My question is how you knew him.我的问题是你如何认识他的。
宾语:是谓语动作所涉及的对象, 它是动作的承受者,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任，宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后。
I saw a cat in the tree.看见树上有一只猫。I want to go shopping.
He said that he could be here. 他说他会来的。
I’m concerned about my friend’s safety.
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，即双宾语 ,其中一个宾语多指人,另一个宾语指物,指人的宾语叫做间接宾语,指物的宾语叫做直接宾语, 可以带两个宾语的动词有 offer, bring, give , show, send, pass, tell, lend, 等。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面,如果强调直接宾语可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面,但间接宾语前须加 " to "。
My father bought me a book.我父亲给我买了一本书。
Give the rubber to me.把橡皮给我。
有些及物动词除跟一个宾语外，还需要加上宾语补足语,否则意思不完整, 它们一起构成复合宾语,复合宾语中宾语和后面的宾语补足语有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，是判断是两个宾语还是复合宾语的依据, 宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的词担任。
We all call him Lao Wang.我们都叫他老王。
Please color it red.请给它涂上红颜色。
定语:用于描述名词,代词,短语或定语从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语, 定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组或短语,定语要放在被修饰词的后面。
That is a beautiful flower.那是一朵漂亮的花。
The TV set made in that factory is very good.
This is my book, not your book.这是我的书,不是你的书。
I have a lot of things to do.我有好多要做的事情。
Our country is a developing country.我们的国家是一个发展中的国家。
状语: 说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果、方式, 条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语。状语可以由副词、分词、短语及状语从句来担任。
We went to the countryside last year.去年我们去了乡下。
We study hard for our country.我们为我们的国家而努力学习。
I'm late because I missed the bus.由于误了车,所以我迟到了。
20句英语句子成分分析
1.The farm covered thousands of acres.
主语the farm , 谓语covered, 宾语 thousands of acres
2.Don't leave the water running all the time.
否定结构的祈使句
3.The place is worth to be visited.
主语The place，谓语is，动词不定式to be visited作宾语
4.Only then did I realiza I was wrong.
only在句首的倒装句
5.The rest of the apple is rotten.
主语The rest of the apple，谓语is，宾语rotten
6.I choose to go to work by bus.
主语I，谓语choose，动词不定式to go to work by bus作宾语
7.There are plenty of restaurants to choose from.
主语There，谓语are，宾语 plenty of restaurants，动词不定式to choose from作补语
8.I met her by chance.
主语I,谓语met, 宾语her, 状语by chance
9.I came across an old photo in the drawer.
主语I, 谓语came across, 宾语an old photo, 地点状语in the drawer
10.The child tried to catch the teacher's eye.
主语The child，谓语tried， 动词不定式to catch the teacher's eye作宾语
11.I intend to finish the text today.
主语I, 谓语intend, 动词不定式to finish the text 作宾语 , 时间状语today
12.She looks young considering her age.
主语she,谓语looks,状语young, 状语considering her age
13.Carry on working while I am away.
祈使句。
14.To see is to belive.
不定式 to see作主语， 谓语is， 不定式 to believe作宾语
15.The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
主语The worker and writer， 谓语is，状语 from wuhan
16.Something has gone wrong with my watch.
主语Something，谓语has gone，状语wrong， with my watch状语
17.They were struggling to get out of the burning car.
主语they，谓语were struggling， 不定式to get out of the burning car作宾语
18.She did want to have what is called mobile phone.
主语she，谓语did want， 后面不定式是宾语，其中what is called mobile phone是宾语从句
19.We think it is necessary to work hard.
主语we，谓语think，后面是宾语从句
20.Seeking friendship is human nature.
动名词主语Seeking friendship，谓语is，宾语human nature
英语句子结构分析.
1、整个句子用的是it is … that（正是…）的强调句式，此处强调的是被动语态的主语 the emotive traits。用 A,B, C, D分别取代后面的并列部分进行化简：
A、thevoracious lust for understanding 理解的强烈欲望
B、theenthusiasm for work 工作的热情
C、the abilityto grasp the gist 掌握要点得能力
D、theempathetic sensitivity to what will attract attention and linger in the mind 对会吸引注意力和内心的举棋不定事物的移情敏感度
化简后可改为下面的正常语序：
——The emotivetraits are rewarded, says Brooks: A, B, C, D. 动感情的性格特点得到回报，布鲁克斯说：（这些特点是）A, B, C, D.。
可见并列的名词短语 the voracious lust…, the enthusiasm... the ability... 和 the empathetic sensitivity... 是具体说明 the emotive traits 的同位语。
2、what 称作关系代词型连接词，用来引导名词从句，等于含定语从句的“先行词+关系代词”或你所说的all that 所包含的意思，相当于汉语的“所...的事物或人”。另如：
He willtake (what) you offer him = He will take (the things which) you offer him. 你给他什么, 他接受什么。
He drinks (what) isleft in his glass as if it were water = He drinks (all that) is leftin his glass as if it were water. 他把杯子里剩下的东西当水一样全喝了下去。
因此，此处的 the sensitivity to (what) will attract attention and linger in the mind = the sensitivity to (that which) will attract attention and linger in the mind
英语句子成分分析
这是个条件状语从句。
If you want the rainbow(状语，同样有引导词+主+谓+宾构成）词原型+介词） the rain（宾语）.
我给你一个例句，如下：
If I have to make a decision, I will ask myself which one is more important.
成分是这样的，
If I have to make a decision（状语从句，跟你的例句类似,不再熬述）, I will ask myself which one is more important. 主句有 主语I + 谓语will ask(will是修饰动词ask的，组合在一起表示动作发生的时间状态）+双宾语（有些动词可以跟两个宾语，双宾语可以通过去掉另一个宾语，看句子是否还符合逻辑来判断，用于区分 宾语+宾语补足语，宾语+从句等句式）
希望能帮助你。
另外，我想说其实句子成分是帮助你分析用的，真正应用中很少会这么分析。我觉得多看，多谢，多听是王道。